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IMPOSITION 

A  HANDBOOK 
FOR  PRINTERS 


I 


IMPOSITION 

A    HANDBOOK 
FOR  PRINTERS 


By  F.  J.  TREZISE,  Instructor  in 

Job  Composition,  Inland  Printer 

Technical  School 


CHICAGO 
THE  INLAND  PRINTER  COMPANY 

Publishers 


i 


Copyright,  1907 
The  Inland  Printer  Company 


Introduction. 


Experience  in  The  Inland  Printer  Technical  School  has 
shown  the  necessity  for  a  clearer  and  more  simple  presenta- 
tion of  the  fundamental  principles  underhing  the  subject  of 
imposition  than  has  heretofore  been  available.  What  is  needed 
b.v  The  great  majority  of  printers  is  not  a  system  of  numerous 
diagrams  for  eighteen,  twenty,  thirty-six  and  forty-page  forms 
and  others  of  this  kind  that  are  but  rarely  used,  but  a 
thorough  explanation  of  the  forms  that  may  be  termed  as 
regular,  both  for  hand  and  machine  folding. 

In  this  work  the  chief  aim  has  been  to  bring  the  subject 
down  to  the  basis  of  the  beginner.  To  this  end,  more  atten- 
tion has  been  given  to  the  smaller  forms  than  is  usually  the 
case,  and  numerous  diagrams  are  presented  in  the  hope  that 
they  may  materially  aid  in  making  the  text  more  clear. 

The  forms  for  folding  machines  are  gathered  together  in 
one  department,  separate  from  the  forms  for  hand  folding. 
This  is  done  in  order  to  avoid  confusion. 

No  attempt  has  been  made  to  revolutionize  present  methods 
of  imposition  or  present  ideas  hitherto  unknown.  Other 
treatises  on  the  subject  have  covered  the  ground  thoroughly, 
but  often  in  a  manner  confusing  to  the  beginner.  It  is  to 
present  the  fundamental  principles  of  this  subject  in  a  clear 
and  perhaps  new  manner  that  this  work  is  undertaken. 

F.  J.  T. 


i 


List  of  Illustrations  and 
Diagrams. 


Envelope  corner  card  locked  up  for  platen  press 
Method  of  locking  up  small  forms  for  cylinder  press 
Position  of  quoins : 

Showing  a  poor  position  .... 

Showing  a  proper  position       .... 

Showing  quoins  turned  the  wrong  way 

Use  of  large  blocks  instead  of  small  pieces  of  furniture 

Determining  margins  where  pages  are  of  equal  size 

Determining  margins  where  pages  are  of  unequal  size 

Method  of  finding  center  of  page 

Determining  margins  where  pages  are  locked  up  the 
long  way 

Four-page  forms: 

Ordinary  four-page  form 

Long  four-page  form 

Long  four-page  form  imposed  from  center 

Form  of  four  broad  p^ges 

Four-page  cover  form 
Illustrating    difference    between    work-and-turn     and 
tumble  forms 

Relative  positions  of  first,  last  and  middle  pages 

Eight-page  forms: 

Folded    sheet    printed    from    an  eight-page    form 
showing  necessity  for  margin  for  trim 

Ordinary  eight-page  form       .... 

Long  eight-page  form     ..... 

Form  of  eight  broad  pages      .... 

Eiight  pages  to  bind  at  head  and  open  from  you 


Page 
1 


9 
9 

10 
10 

12 

11 
14 


15 
16 
17 
18 
19 


List  of  Illustrations  and  Diagrams. 

Continued. 

Page 

Ascertaining  pages  for  inside  and  outside  sections 

18 

Proper  position  of  tables  and  cuts  running  lengthwise 

of  page    ........ 

20 

Proper  position  of  type  pages  on  paper 

21 

Locking  up  color  forms  for  register 

22 

Folder  forms : 

Eight-page  folder             ..... 

23 

Folder  with  map  on  inside       .... 

24 

Eight-page  folder,  two-on        .... 

25 

Twelve-page  forms: 

Twelve-page  form  to  be  folded  as  an  eight  and   a 

four  and  inserted      ..... 

26 

Twelve-page  form  to  be  folded  as  one  section 

26 

Form  of  twelve  broad  pages    .... 

27 

Sectional  furniture         ...... 

29 

Steel  base  to  fit  bed  of  press           .... 

29 

Sixteen-page  forms: 

Ordinary  sixteen-page  form    .... 

30 

Sixteen-page  form  imposed  from  center 

32 

Long  sixteen-page  form           .... 

33 

Form  of  sixteen  broad  pages 

33 

Sixteen-page  form  to  bind   at  head  and  open  from 

you             ....... 

34 

Individual  lock-up  for  each  page 

35 

Determining  margins  where  pages  are  not  centered 

36 

Eighteen-page  forms: 

Ordinary  eighteen-page  form 

37 

Form  of  eighteen  broad  pages 

37 

Twenty-page  forms: 

Ordinary  twenty-page  form     .... 

38 

Form  of  twenty  broad  pages 

39 

Twenty-four-page  forms: 

Ordinary  twenty-four-page  form     .         .         .         . 

39 

Form  of  twenty-four  deep  pages    -  . 

40 

Form  of  twenty-four  broad  pages 

40 

List  of  Illustrations  and  Diagrams.                 | 

Continued. 

Thirty-two-page  forms: 

Page 

Ordinary  thirty-two-pagc  form 

41 

Form  of  thirty-two  broad  pages 

42 

Diagram   of    folded    sheet    printed     from    form    of 

thirty-two  broad  pages     .....         43 

Thirty-six-page  form     ...... 

44 

Method  of  lining  up  press  proof 

46 

Method  of  lining  up  pages  in  a  form     . 

47 

Forms  for  Folding  Machines 

Dexter  Single  Marginal  Book  Folder: 

Eight-page  form      .         .         .         .         . 

50 

Twelve-page  form            ..... 

51 

Sixteen-page  form            ..... 

51 

Twenty-four-page  form  ..... 

52 

Thirty-two-page  form      ..... 

52 

Thirty-two-pages,  two-on        .... 

53 

Dexter  Newspaper  and  Periodical  Folder: 

Eight-page  form      ...... 

50 

Twelve-page  form            ..... 

54 

Sixteen-page  form            ..... 

55 

Twenty-four-page  form            .... 

56 

Thirty-two-page  form      ..... 

56 

Parallel  sixteens,  two-on         .... 

57 

Parallel  twenty-fours,  two-on 

58 

Parallel  thirty-twos,  two-on 

59 

Dexter  Double  Sixteen   and  Double  Thirty-two 
Folder: 

Book 

Two  continuous  sixteens         .... 

60 

Duplicate  sixteens           ..... 

60 

Two  continuous  sixteens  to  insert 

61 

Two  continuous  thirty-twos     .... 

63 

List  of  Illustrations  and  Diagrams. 

Continued. 

Page 

Dexter    Quadruple     Sixteen     and    Double    Thii 

ty-two 

Book  Folder: 

Four  continuous  sixteens 

64 

Four  duplicate  sixteens 

65 

Duplicate  thirty-twos      .... 

66 

Two  continuous  thirty-twos 

67 

Chambers  New  Drop-Roll  Jobber  No.  440: 

Eight-page  form      ..... 

.         .         69 

Sixteen-page  form            .... 

30 

Thirty-two-page  form      .... 

69 

Sixteen  pages,  two-on     .... 

70 

Thirty-two  pages,  two-on 

71 

Chambers  Double  Sixteen  Folder: 

Two  continuous  sixteens 

60 

Duplicate  sixteens           .... 

60 

Two  continuous  si.xteens  to  insert 

61 

Chambers  Quadruple  Sixteen  Folder: 

Four  duplicate  sixteens 

72 

Brown  Double  Sixteen  Book  Folder: 

Two  continuous  sixteens 

60 

Duplicate  sixteens           .... 

60 

Two  continuous  sixteens  to  insert 

61 

Brown  New  Model  Jobber: 

Eight-page  form      ..... 

50 

Sixteen-page  form  ..... 

55 

Twenty-four-page  form 

56 

Thirty-two-page  form     .... 

56 

Imposition. 


Forms  for  Platen  Press. 


In  order  to  commence  at  the  bottom  and  work  our  way 
upward,  we  will  first  consider  the  form  for  the  platen  press. 
Ordinarilj^  these  forms  are  placed  in  the  center  of  the  chase, 
but  in  some  cases  convenience  in  feeding  requires  a  deviation 
from  this  rule.  The  envelope  corner-card  is  one  of  these 
exceptions,  and  as  it  is  constantly  used  the  correct  method  of 
locking  it  up  is  shown  in  Fig.  1.  In  cases  where  the  envel- 
opes are  opened  before  printing  the  form  is  thrown  the  same 


Fig.   1. —  Showing  envelope  corner  card  locked  up  for  platen 
press. 


IMPOSITION 


distance  out  of  center,  but  toward  the  top  and  right,  instead 
of  the  bottom  and  left.  The  type-matter  is,  of  course,  turned 
around.  The  type-high  roller-bearers  should  be  used  in  forms 
for  platen  presses,  as  shown  in  the  diagram. 

As   the   customary    method   of    feeding   the   platen   press   is 


Fig.   2. —  Method    of    locking    up    small    forms  —  headings, 
etc. —  for  cylinder  press. 

toward  the  bottom  and  left,  it  naturally  follows  that  in  order 
to  place  the  solid  side  of  our  form  to  the  guides  we  must 
place  the  quoins  at  the  right-hand  side  and  at  the  top.  The 
cylinder  press  being  fed  in  the  opposite  direction,  the  side 
quoins,  in  forms  in  which  no  crossbar  is  used,  must  be  placed 
at  the  opposite  side  of  the  chase.  Fig  2  shows  the  proper 
position  of  the  quoins  for  a  cylinder  form  of  this  kind.  In 
this  diagram  it  will  be  noticed  that  the  furniture  runs  around 
the  type-page.  This  prevents  any  possibilitj'  of  the  furniture 
binding  in  any  place. 

Fig.  3  shows  an  improper  placing  of  the  quoins.  As  will 
be  noticed,  there  are  eight  pieces  of  furniture  between  the 
quoins  and  the  chase  on  one  side  of  the  quoins,  while  on  the 


i 


IMPOSITION 


other  side  there  is  but  one  piece.  The  more  pieces  of  furni- 
ture we  lay  side  by  side  on  the  stone  the  more  liability  there 
is  of  "  spring  "  —  raising  of  furniture  from  the  stone  —  and 
the  placing  of   the  quoins   in   this   position   gives   all  the   lia- 


MrM-^i^^fi^^-^'f-'-^^i'^^^^^^^  ...  J ,  wipf  J ; . 


.i.miimi..., ,...!.. J;,..^l,.s^^^.lv•.-.^■^v/;.^'.'.•l•■'■^'^":>.■';'•.■';•'i 


IK 


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I'l  Ilia 


Fig.  3. —  Showing  quoins  in  a  poor  position.  They  should 
be  closer  to  the  center  of  the  chase  in  order  to  avoid 
"  spring."  The  wedges  of  the  quoins  should  not  slip  past 
each  other  so  far,  as  it  does  not  give  pressure  the  whole 
length  of  the  quoin. 


bility   of   "  spring  "   on   one  side   of  the   quoin   with   none  on 
the  other.     Fig.  4  is  a  better  arrangement. 

In  this  connection  it  is  well  to  remember-  that  the  fewest 
possible  pieces  of  furniture  should  be  used.  A  "  spongy  " 
form  is  often  the  result  of  the  use  of  too  much  narrow  furni- 
ture. Care  should  be  taken. to  lock  the  quoins  in  such  manner 
that  they  do  not  move  on  each  other  more  than  the  distance 
from  the  point  of  the  quoin  to  the  beginning  of  the  corruga- 
tions. This  distributes  the  pressure  along  nearly  all  the  sur- 
face of  the  quoin.  The  wrong  manner  is  shown  in  Fig.  3. 
They  will  hold  much  better  if  locked  as  shown  in  Fig.  4. 


IMPOSITION 


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^^.■J!:i^i-;r^Ai^-^'--  '■    :■- jgjjii|^--»''»>|:^'-.  -:--Vj 


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Fig.   4. —  This  lock-up  gives  a  more  solid  form  than  Fig.  3. 


i 


Fig.   5. —  A  poor  lock-up.     The  inner  wedges  of  the  quoins 
should  point  toward  the  solid  corner  of  the  form. 


IMPOSITION 


pii|l|liii|iii^|lMli|lflfiti2ti 


I'lllll 


Fig.   6. —  Showing  use   of  large  blocks  rather   than  narrow 
pieces  of  furniture. 


'^.,,«,    pi  .,.  .TOC     'j.,.    U,.*U.( 

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o»u  ««  (>u(  >qob(cq  pi  we- 
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(Aieii'oS  ipc  bx.tKm:  ini  ^|;>(^  r.p< 

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Fig.   7. —  Method  of  determining  margins  when  pages  are  of 
equal  size. 


IMPOSITION 


A  reglet  should  ahva\-s  be  placed  on  each  side  of  the  quoin 
for  the  protection  of  the  furniture.  Quoins  are  liable  to  slip 
when  placed  close  to  the  metal  chase.  A  reglet  or  strip  of 
cardboard  should  be  placed  between  the  quoins  and  chase 
to  prevent  this. 


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131M  ikic  yjoqcj     QUI  couiUuioi 
o«u.»q  pi  lire  ni»      j.p.  -nu, 

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P>.  Lji«„; 

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t   y    '    f.    1  V  J.  O 

ix'ni'ioBi     VK[ 

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Fig.   8.- 


Jlethod    of    deternnning  mai'gins   when    pages   are 
unequal   in   size. 

The  inner  wedge  of  the  quoin,  or  side  nearest  the  form, 
should  always  point  toward  the  solid  cornet  of  the  form.  In 
cases  where  a  crossbar  is  used  it  should  point  toward  the 
crossbar.  Fig  5  shows  an  instance  in  which  the  quoins  are 
turned  the  wrong  way.  In  locking  up  a  form  in  this  manner 
the  tightening  of  the  quoins  would  throw  the  type  matter 
away  from,  instead  of  into,  the  solid  corner  of  the  chase. 
Then,  too,  the  locking  up  of  the  end  quoin  would  throw  the 
strain  against  the  side  quoins  and  vice  versa. 

In  locking  up  headings  or  other  narrow  forms  in  large 
chases  use  blocks  rather  than  narrow  furniture.     See  Fig.   6. 

We  will  now  take  up  the  question  of  locking  up  a  two-page 
form.  As  an  example,  an  envelope  slip  to  be  printed  on  both 
sides  will  do  nicely.     We  will  suppose  that  the  stock  is   6^4 


IMPOSITION 


by  7  inches  and  the  completed  slip  is  to  be  3%  by  6%  inches 
in  size.  The  type-page  measures  15  by  31  picas.  In  this  we 
come  to  the  most  difficult  part  of  stonework  —  the  making  of 
margins.  The  stock  being  twice  the  size  of  the  complete  job, 
we  will  print  both  pages  at  once,  turn  the  sheet  over  and 
print  the  same  pages  on  the   other  side,   the   turning   of   the 


Fig.   9. —  Showing    quickest    method    of    finding    center    of 
page. 


T'f'j'i';i 'Mj 


''TU^vrr^ 


I. 


Fig.   10. —  Determining  margins  when  pages  are  locked  up 
the  long  way. 


IMPOSITION 


sheet  causing  one  page  to  print  on  the  back  of  the  other. 
When  the  sheet  is  cut  in  two  we  have  two  complete  copies. 
"Where  the  type-pages  are  of  equal  size  the  margins  are  deter- 
mined as  shown  in  Fig.  7.  Thus,  if  we  measure  3^/^  inches, 
•or  the  width  of  the  completed  slip,  from  the  edge  of  one  page 
to  the  corresponding  edge  of  the  other,  they  will  be  properly 
spaced,  and  the  filling  in  of  this  space  between  the  pages 
with  furniture  will  complete  the  making  of  the  margins.  In 
case  the  pages  are  of  unequal  width,  they  may  be  measured 
as  in  Fig.  8,  BV2  inches  from  the  center  of  one  page  to  the 
•center  of  the  other.  Probably  the  quickest  method  of  finding 
the  center  of  the  page  is  that  shown  in  Fig.  0.  The  center 
•of  any  rectangular  shape  can  be  instantly  found  in  this  man- 
ner. Lay  a  straight-edge  from  corner  to  corner  diagonally 
across  the  page  and  make  a  short  chalk  mark  in  the  center. 
Repeat,  with  the  straight-edge  at  the  other  corner,  and  the 
chalk  lines  will  intersect  at  the  exact  center  of  the  page. 

No  trim  is  necessary  in  this  form,  as  the  cut  through  the 
center  after  the  form  is  worked  and  turned  is  all  that  is 
needed.  In  case  the  stock  on  hand  for  this  job  should  be 
long  scraps,  say  3%  by  12%  inches,  the  form  would  be  made 
up  (with  the  heads  together)  as  in  Fig.  10.  In  this  case 
we  would  measure  6^/4  inches  from  the  bottom  of  one  page  to 
the  top  of  the  other. 


Four-page  Forms. 


In  the  four-page  form  we  come  to  the  question  of  inside 
and  outside  sections.  All  regular  forms  of  four  pages  and 
upward  consist  of  an  inside  and  an  outside  section.  In  some 
cases  both  sections  are  locked  up  together  and  printed  work- 
and-turn  and  then  cut.  In  a  work-and-turn  form,  no  matter 
what  size,  the  two  halves  of  the  form,  provided  they  are  kept 
intact  as  halves,  may  be  transposed,  or  placed  one  at  the  end 
of  the  other.     They  must,  however,  be  placed  in  such  position 


IMPOSITION 


that  when  the  sheet  is  turned  page  2  will  back  up  page  1,  etc. 
This  is  the  method  by  which  the  "  long  "  forms  are  made  up, 
and  is  shown  plainly  in  the  different  ways  of  imposing  a 
four-page   form.      The   ordinary   diagram   for   this   form   is   as 


■5' 

z 

1 

£ 

n 

Q. 

1 

4 

Fig.   11. —  Ordinary  method  of  imposing  four-page  form. 

shown  in  Fig  11.  In  this  and  the  following  diagrams  of 
imposition  the  solid  line  between  the  pages  shows  where  the 
sheet  is  cut  in  two  after  working  and  turning,  while  the 
dotted  line  represents  the  first  fold.  As  a  usual  thing  the 
consideration    of    margin    for    trim    does    not    enter    into    the 


~4] 


Fig.  12. —  Showing     change     from     the     ordinary    to     the 
"  long  "    four-page   form. 

making  up  of  a  four-page  form,  unless,  of  course,  it  be  a 
cover  or  part  of  a  larger  work.  But  the  ordinary  four-page 
slip  or  circular  does  not  require  trimming  after  folding.     We 


10 


IMPOSITION 


will  take  as  an  example  for  this  form  a  four-page  envelope 
slip,  size  of  each  page  to  be  3l^  by  6^.  The  stock  would 
necessarily  be  7  by  I2I/2  inches,  or  larger.  By  measuring 
3  y2  inches  from  the  outside  or  folio  side  of  page  1  to  the 
inside  or  back   of  page   4,   and   6^    inches   from   the   bottom 


1L_.J 


T 

Z 

1 
1 

! 

£ 

Gripper  Edge 


Fig.   13. —  Imposed   from   the   center   on   account   of  page   4 
being  blank. 


i 


of  page  2  to  the  top  of  page  1,  the  proper  margins  are  estab- 
lished. 

What  is  known  as  the  "  long  "  four-page  form,  made  neces- 
sary in  some  cases  through  the  stock  being  in  a  long,  narrow 
strip,  is  evolved  from  the  ordinary  four-page  form  as  shown 
in  Fig.  12.  In  this  diagram  the  curved  dotted  line  shows  the 
manner  in  which  one  of  the  sections  of  the  ordinary  four- 
page  form  is  turned  around  in  order  to  make  the  long  form. 


z 

€ 

1 

4 

Gripper  Edge 
Fig.   14. —  Form  of  four  broad  pages. 


This  same  process  applies  to  the  eight-page  and  sixteen-page 
forms.  In  making  the  margins  for  this  form  we  would  meas- 
ure Zy^.  inches  from  the  outside  of  page  1  to  the  inside  of 
page  4,  7  inches  from  the  outside  of  page  1  to  the  outside  of 


IMPOSITION 


11 


page  3,  and  10%  inches  from  the  outside  of  page  1  to  the 
inside  of  page  2.  Thus  we  see  that  when  worked  and  turned 
and  cut  in  two  the  results  are  the  same  whether  we  use  the 
ordinary  form  or  the  long  form.  Where  page  i  is  blank  it 
is  sometimes  more  convenient  to  transpose  the  two  halves  of 


X  X 

Fig.   15.— Illustrating     difference     between     work-and-turn 
and  tumble  forms. 


the  long  four-page  form.  This  saves  making  up  a  blank  page 
or  allowing  space  for  it,  and  also  takes  a  smaller  space  for 
the  type-form.  The  form  in  this  case  would  be  imposed  as 
shown  in  Fig.  13. 

Fig.  14  shows  what  is  known  as  the  broad  four-page  form. 
This  is  what  is  known  as  a   "  tumble  "  form. 

The  difference  between  a  work-and-turn  form  and  a  tumble 


12 


IMPOSITION 


form  is  shown  in  Fig.  15.  A  form  which  contains  all  the 
pages  of  a  signature  and  which,  when  printed  on  both  sides 
of  the  sheet,  from  the  same  type,  the  sheet  being  turned  the 
long  way  for  the  second  printing,  gives  two  complete  copies 
when  the  sheet  is  cut  in  two,  is  a  work-and-turn  form.  A 
tumble  form  is  a  form  which  necessitates  the  sheet  being 
turned  the  short  way.  A  reference  to  Fig.  15.  In  the  dia- 
gram XX  represents  the  bottom  guides  and  A  represents  the 
side  guide.      On  a   work-and-turn   form  the   sheet  is   first   fed 


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1 

T 

20 

n 

I 

T 
L 

_eJ 

i 


Fig.   16. —  Four-page  cover  form. 


in  in  this  position  and  printed.  The  sheet  is  then  turned 
over,  keeping  the  edge  B  toward  the  bottom  guides  and  plac- 
ing the  side  guide  in  the  position  marked  AA.  This  gives 
an  absolutely  perfect  register.  For  a  tumble  form  the  sheet 
is  fed  the  same  as  the  work-and-turn  form  for  the  first  print- 
ing, but  for  the  second  printing  the  guides  remain  the  same 
and  the  sheet  is  turned  so  that  the  edge  marked  C  is  next 
to  the  bottom  guides.  Stock  should  be  trimmed  square  before 
printing  a  tumble  form. 

Cover  forms  usually  come  under  the  head  of  four-page 
forms.  The  four  pages  would  be  placed  in  the  same  order 
as  in  Fig.  11.  If  the  book  is  saddle-stitched  —  composed  of 
one  or  more  signatures  inserted  one  in  the  other  and  stitched 
through  the  center  —  the  margin  for  the  cover  is  determined 
in  the  same  manner  as  in  Fig.  11.  If  it  is  a  side-stitched 
book  —  signatures    placed     one    on    the    other    and    stitched 


IMPOSITION  13 


through  the  side  —  the  back  margin  must  be  increased  as 
much  as  the  combined  thickness  of  the  signatures  comprising 
the  book.  Rules  should  be  placed  between  the  second  and 
third  pages,  as  shown  in  Fig.  16,  to  act  as  guides  in  folding. 
The  extra  margin,  or  space  equaling  the  thickness  of  the 
book,  should  be  placed  between  these  rules.  In  case  there 
is  to  be  lettering  on  the  back  of  the  book  it  should  be  placed 
between  the  first  and  fourth  pages.     (Fig.  16.) 


Points  to  Remember. 

On  the  diagrams  of  imposition  herewith  the  gripper  edges 
are  marked.  The  nippers  (or  grippers)  are  the  steel  fingers 
which  clamp  the  sheet  to  the  cylinder  and  hold  it  firmly 
while  the  impression  is  being  made.  The  sheets  are  fed  to 
this  gripper  edge  and  consequently,  no  matter  how  much  the 
stock  may  vary  in  size,  the  margin  on  this  edge  is  always 
the  same.  The  gripper  edge  corresponds  to  the  edge  marked 
B  in  Fig.  15.  On  ordinary  forms  the  lowest  folio  is  next  to 
the  gripper  edge. 

In  locking  up  cylinder  forms  in  which  no  crossbar  is  used 
from  two  to  four  picas  should  be  placed  between  the  chase 
and  the  type  at  the  nipper  edge.     See  Fig.  6. 

Always  see  that  a  form  is  square  before  sending  it  to 
press.  A  steel  square  should  be  part  of  the  equipment  of 
every  comix»sing-room. 

On  all  ordinary  forms  the  sum  of  the  folios  of  any  two 
pages  which  lie  with  their  backs  together  will  equal  one  more 
than  the  total  number  of  pages  in  the  form.  This  applies 
to  forms  commencing  with  page  1.  Thus  in  a  four-page  form 
the  sum  of  4  and  1,  the  folios  of  two  of  the  pages  which  lie 
with  their  backs  together,  equal  5,  one  more  than  the  num- 
ber of  pages  in  the  form.     The  same  thing  is  true  of  2  and  3. 

On  four,  eight,  sixteen  and  thirty-two  page  forms  the  two 
center   pages  of   the   same   signature  will   always   be  head   to 


14 


IMPOSITION 


head  with  the  first  and  last  pages, 
always  lie  with  their  backs  together. 


The  first  and  last  pages 
See  Fig.  17. 


z 

c 

V- 

s 

8 

6 

91 

L\ 

1 

4 

1 

8 

1 

16 

1 

32 

Fig.  17. —  Illustrating  the  relative  ijositions  of  the  first, 
last  and  middle  pages  in  the  four,  eight,  sixteen  and  thirty- 
two-page  forms. 


i 


Eight-page  Forms. 


■\Ve  will  next  take  up  the  eight-page  form.  In  this  form 
we  are  confronted  by  a  new  problem  —  that  of  margin  for 
trim.  This  was  unnecessary  in  the  two  and  fomr-page  forms, 
the  cutting  in  two  of  the  printed  sheets  completing  the  job 
on  the  two-page  forms  and  one  fold  after  cutting  completing 
the  four-page  forms.  But  the  eight-page  form,  requiring  two 
folds  after  cutting,  leaves  us  with  a  signature  as  shown  in 
Fig  18.  These  folds  at  the  tops  of  the  pages  must  be  cut 
and  the  four  leaves  will  vary  at  the  sides  and  bottom  to 
some  extent.  This  is  remedied  by  the  trim,  for  which  mar- 
gin must  be  allowed.  The  question  of  where  to  place  the 
extra  margin  for  trim  is  often  a  confusing  one  to  the  begin- 
ner. Probably  the  most  simple  method  of  fixing  this  firmly 
in  the  mind  is  to  remember  that  the  open  book  shows  only 
two  pages  and  these  pages  lie  with  their  backs  together. 
This  consideration  of  the  open  book  will  at  once  show  that 
each  two  pages  in  a  form  which  lie  with  their  backs  together 
must  be  taken  as  a  unit  and  extra  margin  for  trim  must  be 


IMPOSITION 


15 


placed  on  all  sides  of  each  of  these  units.  The  amount  of 
margin  to  be  allowed  for  this  trim  is  in  most  cases  governed 
by  the  size  of  the  stock,  and  as  a  general  thing  the  paper  is 
ordered  in  such  sizes  that  the  fotrm  can  be  made  up  to  the 
full  size  of  the  stock  without  making  the  margins  unreason- 


FiG.   18. —  Folded   sheet   printed   from   an   eight-page   form, 
showing  necessity  for  margin   for  trim. 


ably  wide.  Take,  for  instance,  an  eight-page,  6  by  9-inch, 
circular,  printed  on  a  half-sheet  of  25  by  38-inch  stock,  or 
19  by  25  inches.  The  size  of  the  type- page  we  will  suppose 
to  be  24  by  42  picas.  The  ordinary  imposition  for  this  form 
would  be  as  shown  in  Fig.   19. 

In   work   of   this    class   the   pages   are   usually   centered   all 
around  and  consequently  we  would,  with  pages  of  equal  size. 


16 


IMPOSITION 


measure  6  inches  from  the  front  or  folio  side  of  page  1  to 
the  back  of  page  8.  This  necessitates  a  placing  of  12  picas 
between  the  pages,  the  page  itself  being  24  picas  wide.  This 
establishes  the  back  margin  for  the  form,  and  this  amount 
should  be  placed  between  tach  two  pages  which  lie  with 
their  backs  together  —  in  this  case  between  1  and  8,  4  and  5, 
6  and  3,  and  7  and  2.  The  necessity  for  trim  margin  around 
each    of    these   units    of    two    pages    shows   us    that    we    must 


3: 

19 I    I l 

■    f7         I     I         2 


i 


Fig 


Gripper  Edge 

\.  19. —  Ordinary   eight-page   form    X    shows   position   of 
additional  margin  for  trim. 


allow  in  this  form  a  trim  in  the  margins  marked  X.  The 
amount  of  extra  space  to  be  placed  here  varies  with  the  size 
of  the  stock.  It  is  determined,  however,  by  measuring  a  dis- 
tance of  half  of  the  length  of  the  stock  —  in  this  case  12i/4 
inches  —  from  the  front  of  page  1  to  the  front  of  page  7. 
This  would  leave  15  picas  to  be  placed  between  pages  7  and  8 
and  pages  5  and  6.  In  making  up  these  margins  it  may  be 
easier  for  the  beginner  to  put  the  back  margin  first  ascer- 
tained—  in  this  case  12  picas — -between  all  of  the  pages  in 
the  form  and  afterward  add  the  extra  margin  for  trim.  In 
that  event  it  would  simply  be  necessary  to  add  3  picas  extra 
between  pages  7  and  8  and  5  and  6.  The  margin  between 
the  heads  is  found  in  the  same  manner,  by  measuring  a  dis- 
tance equal  to  half  of  the  stock  —  9%  inches  —  from  the  foot 
of  page  1  to  the  head  of  page  4.  This,  owing  to  the  size 
of  the  stock,  necessitates  an  addition  of  3  picas. 


IMPOSITION 


17 


Fig  20  shows  what  is  known  as  the  long  eight-page  form, 
to  be  used  when  necessary  to  make  a  form  fit  a  certain  long 
shape  of  stock.  Frequently  stock  is  on  hand  which  will  not 
fit   an   ordinary   form   but   which   may   be  used   to   advantage 


Z  L 


3 

6 

n 

« 

t' 

S 

I 

8 

Fig.  20. —  Long  eight-page  form. 


on  a  form  of  this  shape.  When  worked  and  turned  and  cut 
in  two  the  result  is  the  same  as  if  run  from  an  ordinary 
form.  This  form  is  evolved  from  the  ordinary  eight-page 
form  in  the  manner  shown  in  Fig.  12,  simply  a  turning  of 
one  section.  These  long  forms  are  also  useful  when  it  is 
necessary  to  run  jobs  two-on,  two  long  fours  making  a  form 
of  the  same  shape  as  the  ordinary  eight,  two  long  eights 
making  a  form  of  the  same  shape  as  the  ordinary  sixteen,  etc. 

The  imposition  for  a  form  of  eight  broad  pages  is  shown 
in  Fig.   21. 

The  forms  shown  in  Figs.  19,  20  and  21  may  be  imposed 
"  from  the  inside."  This  consists  in  merely  transposing  the 
two   sections,   taking   care,    of   course,   to   keep    them   in   such 


18 


LM  POSITION 


position  that  when  turned  the  long  way  of  the  paper  page  1 
will  back  page  2.  In  cases  where  the  low-folio  pages  contain 
very  little  matter  it  is  often  desirable  to  impose  the  forms  in 
this  manner,  as  it  not  only  places  the  heavy  full  pages  on 
the  outside  of  the  form,  but  enables  the  pressman  to  more 
readily  place  the  form  in  its  proper  position  on  the  sheet. 


z 

L 

0 

3. 

3 

6 

•o 

n 

1 

s 

» 

f 

s 

1 

8 

Fig.   21. — ^  Form  of  eight  broad  pages. 

All  regular  forms  consist  of  two  sections,  known  as  inside 
and  outside  sections.  Where  it  is  necessary,  through  danger 
of  offset  or  otherwise,  to  allow  the  stock  to  drj'  before  back- 
ing it  up,  the  sections  may  be  printed  separately  on  a  half- 
sheet  of  stock,  one  section  backing  the  other,  instead  of 
working  the  whole  form  and  turning  it  on  a  full  sheet.  This 
is  designated  as  printing  "  sheetwise."  The  heavy  line  which 
divides  the  diagrams  and  shows  where  the  sheet  is  cut  after 
printing    in    a    work-and-turn    form    also    shows    the    division 


I  ^^  4  5  ^/  8  9  0  ^  12  13  ]4  ^  16 


Fig.  22. 


Method  of  ascertaining  pages  for  inside  and  out- 
side sections  by  cancellation. 


IMPOSITION 


19 


between  the  inside  and  outside  sections.  The  ordinary  method 
of  ascertaining  the  proper  pages  for  the  sections  of  a  form  is 
by  cancellation,  as  shown  in  Fig.  22.  The  canceled  figures 
represent  the  pages  for  the  inside  section,  while  the  others 
belong  to  the  outside  section.  Thus  we  see  that  by  starting 
with  page  1  and  then  skipping  each  alternate  two  pages  until 
the  last  page  is  reached,  we  have  the  proper  pages  for  the 
outside  section.  For  the  inside  section,  we  skip  the  first  page 
and  use  each  alternate  two  pages  until  the  form  is  completed. 
Fig.  23  shows  a  form  of  eight  pages  to  be  bound  at  the 
head  and  opened  from  you.  In  a  form  of  this  kind  the  head 
margins  are  the  "  backs  "  or  binding  margins  while  the  mar- 
gins lengthwise  of  the  pages  are  trim  margins. 


6        ; 

I I 

3        I  I 

I 
I 

Z 


Gripper  Edge 

Fig.   23. —  Form  of  eight   pages  to  bind  at  head  and  open 
from   vou. 


Points  to  Remember. 


In  running  a  form  in  two  sections  —  sheetwise  —  be  sure  to 
have  the  low  folio  in  each  section  next  to  the  gripper  edge. 

The  question  of  the  position  of  cuts  and  tabular  matter 
running  lengthwise  of  the  page  is  often  confusing  and  fre- 
quentlj'  leads  to  differences  of  opinion.  Fig.  24  shows  the 
proper  position  of  cuts  and  tables  of  this  kind.  The  head  of 
the  cut  or  table   should   be  toward   the  outer  margin   on   the 


20 


IMPOSITION 


pages  of  even   folio   and   toward   the  back  or  binding  margin 
on   pages   of   odd   folio. 

The  position  of  the  type-page  on  the  paper  is  a  matter  of 
much  discussion.  In  pamphlets,  circulars,  etc.,  this  question 
does  not   ordinarily   come   up,   as   the   pages   are  usually   cen- 


20  A  QuiMm  0/  £, 


A 

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1 

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1 

1 

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i 

u 

JS-SSSS'S.S.S.SS: 

Fig.   24. —  Showing  proper  position  of  tables  and  cuts  run- 
ning lengthwise  of  page. 


tered.  In  booklets,  bookwork,  etc.,  the  double  page  should 
be  treated  as  a  unit  and  the  back  margin  should  be  less. 
Probably  the  most  satisfactory  method  of  solving  this  prob- 
lem is  shown  in  Fig.  25.  The  problem  in  this  case  is  a  type- 
page  21  by  35  picas  on  a  page  of  paper  6  by  9  inches.  The 
paper  for  each  page  being  36  picas  wide  and  the  type  21 
picas  wide,  this  leaves  us  with  15  picas  for  the  front  and 
back  margins.  To  apply  to  this  the  most  commonly  accepted 
proportions  —  those  of  2  to  3  —  we  will  divide  those  15  picas 
into  fifths,  giving  2-5,  or  6  picas,  to  the  back  margin  and 
3-5,  or  9  picas,  to  the  front  margin.  The  head  and  foot 
margins  are  found  in  the  same  manner. 


IMPOSITION 


21 


The  proper  method  of  locking  up  a  color  form  in  which  it 
may  be  necessary  to  move  each  page  —  either  twisting  it  or 
moving  it  up  and  down  or  to  one  side  —  is  shown  in  Fig  26. 
It  will  be  noticed  that,  instead  of  long  pieces  of  wood  furni- 
ture,   short   pieces    of   metal    furniture   are   used,    two    at   the 


1 — 

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0 

' 

0 

i 

1 

c- 

^ 

i 

'^' 

TYPIi  PAGE 

1 

TYPE  PAGE 

e- 

PIC  \s 

! 

r6  PICAS  ^6 

ncAS. 

r     '5  r'ICAS      ^ 

y_ 

^ 

£ 

1 
i 

r 

0 

1 

i 

^ 

t. 

i 

aZ 

I 

" 

~ 

MkjT            ! 

1 

1-.1.1T       ^ 

Fig.   25. —  Showing  proper  position  of  type-pages  on  paper. 


long  side  and  one  at  the  short  side  or  head  of  each  page.  A 
pica  of  the  margin  should  be  in  small  pieces  to  facilitate 
moving.  In  other  words,  if  the  margin  were  to  be  six  picas 
we  would  put  in  a  five-pica  piece  of  furniture,  a  nonpareil 
slug,  two  leads  and  two  point  leads  or  cardboards.  This 
method  of  locking  up  allows  us  to  move  each  page  readily 
and  if  necessary  to  twist  one  or  more  pages  without  trouble, 
the  single  piece  of  furniture  in  the  head  or  short  side  of  the 
page  acting  as  a  pivot  upon  which  the  page  turns.  In  three- 
color  printing  the  heaviest  or  key  form  —  usually  the  blue  — 
is  locked  up  first,  placed  in  proper  position  on  the  stock  and 


22 


IMPOSITION 


a  few  sheets  printed.  These  are  called  trial  or  register  sheets. 
The  form  is  then  taken  off  the  press  and  replaced  by  the  yel- 
low fomi,  which  by  the  aid  of  the  trial  sheets,  is  registered 
into  the  blue  form,  made  ready  and  the  run  completed.  This 
is  followed  in  the  same  manner  by  the  red  ;    lastly,  the  blue 


I 


Fig.  26. —  This  method  of  locking  up  color  forms  facilitates 
registering. 


is  again  put  on  the  press,  made  ready  and  printed.  In  some 
cases,  by  the  use  of  transparent  inks,  the  key  form  is  printed 
first  and  followed  by  the  other  colors.  In  locking  up  forms 
consisting  entirely  of  electrotypes,  even  though  absolute  regis- 
ter is  unnecessary,  this  method  of  using  metal  in  preference 
to  wood  furniture  is  the  better,  as  there  is  less  liability  of 
any  of  the  furniture  "  working  up."  In  registering  colorwork 
on  the  press  it  is  well  to  make  a  chalk  mark  across  the 
quoins  before  unlocking  the  form  so   tliat  the  same   pressure 


IMPOSITION 


23 


may  be  given  them  when  relocked.  After  a  form  has  been 
registered  it  is  the  custom  in  many  officerf  to  unlock  one  quoin 
at  a  time  and  place  a  piece  of  cardboard  between  the  two 
wedges  of  the  quoin.  This  prevents  the  quoin  from  slipping. 
In  other  offices  a  buckshot  is  driven  between  the  corrugations. 


Folder  Forms. 


The  imposition  for  tlie  regular  folder  forms  is  practically 
the  same  in  all  cases,  no  matter  what  number  of  pages  the 
folder  contains.  Folders  are  not,  as  a  usual  thing,  trimmed 
after  printing  and  therefore  the  margins  should  be  equal 
throughout  the  form.  As  these  forms  are  tumble  forms,  the 
stock  should  be  squared  up  befoi'e  printing. 


Z  1    '    ^  S 


1 

8 

7 

6 

Gripper  Ed£e 

Fig.  27. —  Imposition  for  an  eight-page  folder. 


Fig.  27  shows  the  imposition  for  an  eight-page  folder  and 
will  serve  to  illustrate  the  others.  Commencing  at  the  left 
of  the  upper  row  with  page  2,  the  pages  continue  in  rota- 
tion, with  half  of  the  total  number  of  pages  in  the  upper 
row.  Page  1  is  placed  at  the  left  of  the  lower  row  of  pages. 
The  positions  of  pages  1  and  2  are  the  same  no  matter  what 
number  of  pages  the  form  contains. 

In  c.se  there  is  to  be  a  map  or  illustration  on  the  back  of 


24 


IMPOSITION 


the  folder  the  type-pages  may  be  printed  on  one  side  of  the 
sheet  and  backed  up  by  the  map  or  both  may  be  worked 
together.  In  making  up  a  form  of  this  kind  the  type-pages 
constitute  one  section  and  the  map  the  other.  The  relation 
of  the  map  section  to  the  other  as  imposed  would  depend  on 
the  shape  of  the  stock.  It  could  be  placed  either  at  the  top 
or  side  of  the  type  matter,  as  shown  in  Figs.   28a   and   28b. 


i 


I £     t 


Fig.  28-a. —  Folder  form  with  map  on  inside. 


Grippcr  Edge 

FiG.  28-b. —  Imposition  of  same  folder  for  stock  of  a  dif- 
ferent shape. 


IMPOSITION 


25 


After  printing,   the  sheet  would   be   cut   as   shown  and  then 
folded  with  the  type-pages  on  the  outside. 

For  printing  folders  two-on  the  imposition  would  be  as 
shown  in  Fig.  29.  One  section  would  consist  of  two  rows  of 
tj-pe-pages,  each  commencing  with  page  1,  and  the  other  sec- 
tion would  consist  of  two  rows  each  commencing  with  page  2. 


Z  %       \'  S 


XX 

O 

J. 

Z 

€ 

^ 

S 

a. 

1 

8 

- 

7 

6 

1 

8 

7 

6 

Fig.  29. —  Imposition  for  eight-page  folder,   two-on. 


Probably  the  most  simple  method  of  remembering  this  is  to 
consider  it  as  the  splitting  apart  of  one  folder  and  placing 
another  one  between  the  two  halves,  X  representing  one  folder 
and  XX  the  other.  This  system  of  doubling  up  can  be  applied 
to  other  forms  of  two  sections. 


26 


IMPOSITION 


Twelve-page  Forms. 

The  twelve-page  form  is  ordinarily  made  up  as  shown  in 
Fig.  30.  The  form  is  simply  a  long  four,  consisting  of  pages 
1,   2,   11  and  12,   and   an  ordinary  eight,   consisting  of  pages 


9 

L 

8 

c 

— 



3 

10 

9 

4 

1 

12 

U 

1 

2 

< 


Fig.  30. — ■  Twelve-page  form  to  be  folded  as  an  eight  and 
a   four  and  inserted. 


3 

10 

9 

4 

-.— 



9 

L 

8 

S 

- 

1 

12 

11 

2 

Fig.  31. —  Twelve-page   form   to   be   folded    as   one   section. 


IMPOSITION 


27 


3  to  10  inclusive.  These  are  folded  separately  and  the  eight- 
page  section  inserted  into  the  other.  In  this  connection  it  is 
well  to  remember  that  it  is  easier  for  the  binder  to  insert 
the  heavy  section  into  the  lighter  one  than  vice  versa.  The 
twelve-page  imposition  which  brings  the  eight-page  section 
on  the   outside   of   the  four-page  section   should   not   be  used. 


z 

II 

- 

5 

8 



-- 

. 

\ 

6 

3 

10 

9 

L 

1 

12 

Fig. 


Form  of  twelve  broad  pages. 


In  case  we  desire  to  fold  the  sheet  in  a  twelve-page  section 
instead  of  an  eight  and  a  four  and  inserting,  the  imposition 
would  be  as  shown  in  Fig.  31.  As  will  be  readily  seen,  the 
only  difference  between  this  form  and  that  shown  in  B'ig.  30 
is  that  the  two  upper  rows  of  pages  are  transposed,  pages 
3,  10,  9  and  4  being  placed  above  pages  6,  7,  8  and  5.  Two 
short  pieces  of  rule  should  be  placed  in  the  center  of  the 
head  margin  between  pages  11   and  2  and  8  and  5,  as  shown 


28  IMPOSITION 


in  the  diagram.     These  are  to  be  used  as  guides  by  the  folder 
in  making  the  first  fold. 

Fig.  32  shows  the  broad  twelve-page  form,  to  be  folded  as 
one  section.  This  also  shows  the  guide-rules  between  pages 
11  and  2  and  8  and  5. 


Points  to  Remember. 

The  stoneman  should  know,  in  inches,  the  untrimmed  size 
of  the  paper  he  is  to  use.  The  standard  sizes  of  book  paper 
run  from  22  by  32  inches  to  38  by  50  inches.  The  terms 
quarto,  octavo,  etc.,  do  not  mean  much  in  the  ordinary 
printing-office  and  the  use  of  these  terms  only  confuses  the 
beginner.  For  instance,  octavo  would  mean  that  each  signa- 
ture was  to  contain  eight  leaves  or  sixteen  pages,  but  would 
give  no  indication  of  the  size,  as  the  stock  may  be  of  any 
of  the  numerous  sizes  between  those  mentioned  above. 

Foundry  forms  —  forms  to  be  electro  typed  —  should  have 
type-high  bearers  on  all  sides,  should  be  accuratelj'  squared 
up  and  the  corner  diagonally  opposite  the  "  square  "  corner 
should  be  left  open  to  facilitate  handling. 

When  a  crossbar  is  used  in  the  chase  care  should  be  taken 
in  locking  up  the  form  to  apply  the  pressure  evenly  on  both 
sides  in  order  to  prevent  it  from  springing.  Especially  should 
this  be  noticed  when  registering  a  form  on  the  press,  as  with 
the  crossbar  crooked  it  is  almost  impossible  to  register  the 
form. 

Fig.  33  shows  an  inside  section  and  a  register  hook  from 
a  set  of  metal  sectional  furniture.  This  furniture  is  now  in 
general  use  and  has  to  a  great  extent  supplanted  the  "  pat- 
ent "  blocks,  which  are  made  of  mahogany  in  regular  sizes, 
such  as  6  hy  9,  9  by  12,  etc.,  and  equipped  with  hooks  at 
one  side  and  the  bottom  for  clamping  the  electrotype  on  the 
base.  These  sectional  blocks  are  used  with  unmounted,  beveled 
electrotypes,  and  can  be  made  up  to  any  size  required.  The 
sections  containing  the  hooks  are  placed  around  the  pages  in 


IMPOSITION 


29 


the  same  manner  that  the  furniture  is  placed   in  Fig.   26,   to 
allow  the  same  facility  in  registering  color  plates,  etc. 

Fig.  34  shows  a  steel  block  made  to  fit  the  press.  As  will 
be  noticed,  this  block  has  diagonal  grooves  in  which  the 
register  hooks  that  hold  the  plates  are  shifted  in  order  to 
effect  a  perfect  register. 


Fig.  33. —  Showing    inside    section    and    register    hook    of 
metal  sectional  furniture. 


Fig.  34. —  Showing  steel  base  made  to  fit  bed  of  press. 


/ 


30 


IMPOSITION 


Sixteen-page  Fornvs. 


In  Fig.  3.5  we  have  the  ordinary  sixteen-page  form.  This 
maj^  be  worked  and  turned  on  the  heavy  line,  giving  two 
complete  signatures,  or  may  be  printed  sheetwise  —  one  sec- 
tion or  eight  pages  on  one  side  of  the  sheet,  to  be  backed 
up  by  the  other  section  on  the  other  side  of  the  sheet.     The 


ST 

¥1 

? 

10 

11 

6 

6 

Z\ 

S 

16 

li 

4 

} 


Fiti.   3.'). —  Ordinaiy  sixteen-page  form. 


latter  method  would,  of  course,  require  a  sheet  only  half  the 
size  of  that  necessarj'  for  a  work-and-turn  form.  In  printing 
this  sheetwise  the  pages  for  the  outside  section  are  deter- 
mined as  shown  in  Fig.  22.  In  this  connection  it  is  inter- 
esting to  note  that  the  pages  in  the  outside  section  of  an 
eight-page  form  follow  in  the  same  order  as  those  of  a  work- 
and-turn  four-page  form,  the  outside  section  of  a  sixteen  fol- 
lows the  same  order  as  an  eight,  and  the  outside  section  of  a 


IMPOSITION 


31 


tliirty-two  follows  the  order  of  a  sixteen.  Bearing  this  in 
mind  will  assist  the  beginner,  for  with  an  understanding  of 
the  method  of  ascertaining  the  pages  for  the  outside  section 
01  a  form  and  a  knowledge  of  the  imposition  for  a  four-page 
form    the    others   may    be   easily    worked   out.      For   example. 


f  S 


1 

8 

.  ...... 

Fig. 


Showing    outside    section    of    an    eight    in    same 
Older  as  a   four. 


we  ascertain  by  cancellation  that  pages  1,  4,  5  and  8  are  the 
pages  of  the  outside  section  of  an  eight-page  form.  We 
impose  these  in  the  order  of  a  four-page  form   (Fig.  36.)     By 


F'iG.   37. —  Showing 


Grlpper  Edge 

the  inside   and    outside  sections   of   an 
eight-page  form. 


placing  the  balance  of  the  pages  —  2,  3,  6  and  7  —  in  such 
position  that  when  the  sheet  is  turned  they  will  "  back  up  " 
tlie  [iroper  pages,   in  other  words,  so  that  page  2   will   be  on 


32 


IMPOSITION 


the  back  of  page  1,  page  4  on  the  back  of  page  3.  etc.,  we 
will  have  the  eight-page  form  (Fig.  37).  The  same  method 
may  be  continued  in  the  sixteen  and  thirty-two-page  forms. 
Fig.  38  shows  a  sixteen-page  form  imposed  from  the  inside. 
This  is  sometimes  necessary  in  forms  of  cuts  in  order  to  avoid 
contact  with  the  crossbar.  This  form  is  simply  the  ordinary 
sixteen  page  form  shown  in  Fig.  35  with  each  four-page  sec- 
tion turned  toward  the  center. 


OT 

L 

9 

II 

^^ 

2 

3 

14 

91 

T 

t- 

1\ 

5 

8 

5 

\1 

Fig. 


Sixteen-page  form  imposed  from  the  center. 


Fig.  39  shows  the  imposition  for  the  long  si.xteen.  As  will 
be  readily  seen,  this  simply  consists  of  placing  the  inner  sec- 
tion at  the  side  of  the  outer  section  instead  of  at  the  top. 
Fig.  12  shows  the  manner  in  which  it  is  evolved  from  the 
form  shown  in  Fig.  35. 

The  broad  sixteen-page  form  is  shown  in  Fig.  40. 

Fig.  41  shows  a  form  of  sixteen  pages  to  be  bound  at  the 
head  and  opened  from  you.  In  a  form  of  this  kind  the  head 
margins  are  the  "  backs  "  or  binding  margins,  while  the  mar- 
gins lengthwise  of  the  pages  are  trim-margins. 


IMPOSITION 


33 


Gripper  Edge 

Fig.  39. —  The  long  sixteen-page  form. 


8 

6 

cT 

S 

9 

IT 

01 

I 

1 

16 

13 

4 

5 

14 

15 

2 

Printers  of  the  old  school  locked  up  their  forms  with  con- 
tinuous pieces  of  furniture  across  the  heads  of  several  pages, 
and  also  down  the  sides.  This  frequently  resulted  in  parts 
of  the  form  working  up  and  caused  much  trouble.  By  locking 
up  forms  as  shown  in  Fig.  42  much  of  this  trouble  is  elimi- 
nated. As  will  be  readily  seen,  each  page  is  locked  up  indi- 
vidually and  without  regard  to  the  others.  Where  pages  are 
very  small,  it  is  sometimes  necessary  to  use  furniture  at  the 
bottom  or  sides  long  enough  to  cover  two  pages,  but  at  the 
heads  and  backs  of  the  pages  short  pieces  should  always  be 
used. 

To  many  printers  the  making  up  of  a  form  of  unequal  mar- 


*• 

fl 

fl 

c 

5 

12 

11 

6 

8 

6 

01 

L 

1 

16 

15 

2 

Gripper  Edge 

Fig.   40. —  Form  of  sixteen  broad  pages. 


34 


IMPOSITION 


gins  is  a  great  source  of  trouble.  We  will  take  this  matter 
up  in  the  hope  of  making  it  more  clear.  Let  us  suppose  that 
we  have  a  sixteen-page  form  to  lock  up,  the  specifications  for 
which  are  as  follows: —  (Fig.  43.). 

Stock,   25  by  38  inches. 

Size  of  trimmed  page,  6  by  9  inches. 

Size  of  type-page,  24  by  39  picas. 

Back  margin  to  be  %  inch,  head  margin  1  inch,  front 
margin  1  ^4   inches  and  foot  margin  1^4   inches. 


2 

i. 

6 

f 

15 

11 

c 

■5' 

■a 

01 

H 

s 

16 

12 

« 

6 

£1 

1 

8 

5 

I' 

Fill.   41. —  Sixteen-page  form  to  be  bound  at  head  and  open 
from  vou. 


We  will  readily  see  that  in  the  head  margin  we  must  put 
twice  the  head  jnargin  for  each  page,  or  2  inches,  plus  the 
amount  allowed  for  trim.  This  amount  to  be  allowed  for 
trim  is  found  in  this  case  as  follows :  The  total  length  of 
the  four  pages  l)eing  4  times  9  or  36  inches,  this  leaves  us 
with  two  inches  to  allow  for  trim,  the  stock  being  38  inches 
long.  There  being  four  places  in  which  we  must  place  the 
cxtia  margin  (the  two  ends  counting  as  one.  as  together  thev 


IMPOSITION 


35 


require  tlu'  same  margin  as  between  two  puLjes;.  we  will 
divide  the  two  inches  up  equally  and  allow  ^/^  inch  to  each 
place.  This  gives  us  2i/^  inches  in  the  head  margins,  as 
shown  between  pages  1  and  S.  We  then  measure  one-half 
of  the  length  of  the  stock  —  in  this  case  19  inches  —  from 
the  bottom  of  page  1  to  the  bottom  of  page  7.  This  gives 
us   the  mai-gins   lengthwise   of   the   form.      The  back   margins 


Fig.   42. —  Showing  individual  lock-up  for  each  page. 


are  more  easily  determined.  Placing  twice  the  amount  speci- 
fied for  the  back  margin  of  each  page  (twice  %  or  IVz 
inches)  between  pages  1  and  16,  and  measuring  a  distance 
of  one-half  of  the  width  of  the  stock  (12 1/^  inches)  from  the 
outer  edge  of  page  1  to  the  outer  edge  of  page  1-3,  deter- 
mines the  front  and  back  margins.  To  state  it  briefly :  when 
making  up  forms  of  unequal  margins  place  twice  the  amount 
specified,  plus  the  trim  allowed,  in  the  heads,  twice  the  mar- 


36 


IMPOSITION 


gin  specified  in  the  backs  and  then  measure  as  you  would 
for  a  form  of  margins  of  equal  size,  allowing  half  of  the 
stock  to  each  half  of  the  form.  The  amount  to  be  allowed 
for  trim  may  vary  according  to  usage  in  different  offices,  but 
this  in  no  manner  affects  the  method  of  ascertaining  the  mar- 
gins. 


Fig.  43. —  Method   of   determining   margins  where   type  is 
not  printed  in  center  of  page. 


Eighteen-page  Forms. 


Fig.  44  shows  what  is  probably  the  best  imposition  for  the 
eighteen-page  form.  This  is  very  seldom  used,  as  it  neces- 
sitates side-stitching. 

In  Fig.  45  is  shown  the  form  for  eighteen  broad  pages. 
This  is  also  an  imposition  for  a  side-stitching  signature. 
Eighteen-page  forms  are  not  frequently  used. 


IMPOSITION 


37 


Gripper  Edge 

Fig.  44. —  Eighteen-page  form. 


?t 

16 

9 

10 

15 

4 



- 

9 

1 
1 

ei 

z\ 

II 

H 

S 

- 

- 

I 

18 

1 

8 

17 

2 

z 

1 

S 

1 

i- 

17 

14 

15 

O 

=• 

S 

1 

TT 

01 

i 
S 

1 

7 

1^ 

9 

81 

U 

91 

Fig.  45. —  Form  of  eighteen  broad  pages. 


38 


IMPOSITION 


Twenty-page  Forms. 


Fig.  46  is  the  usual  method  of  imposing  a  twenty-page 
form.  It  prints  as  a  twelve  and  an  eight,  to  1)6  folded  sepa- 
rately and  the  twelve  inserted  into  the  eight. 

Fig.  47,  the  broad  twenty,  is  also  a  combination  of  eight 
pages  and  a  twelve-page  insert.  The  twenty-page  form,  like 
the  eighteen,  is  seldom  used. 


7 

14 

13 

8 

01 

IT 

Z\ 

6 

n 

3. 

ro 

5 

16 

15 

i 

S 

¥ 

n 

81 

i 

1 

20 

19 

2 

Fig.  46. —  Twenty-page  form. 


IMPOSITION 


39 


9 

IT 

H 

z 

61 

— 

- 

-- 



7 

10 

15 

3 

18 

8 

1 

1 

6 

91 

*> 

Zl 

5 

12 

1 
1 

13 

1 

20 

Gripper  Edge 

Fig.   47. —  P'orm  of  twenty  broad  pages. 


Twenty-four-page  Forms. 

Fig.  48  shows  what  is  probably  the  best  imposition  for 
the  twenty-four  page  form  when  it  is  desired  to  fold  all  the 
l)ages  in  one  section. 


T 

22 

19 

6 

S 

2(1 

21 

4 

"- 

-     - 



z 

•il 

sT 

L 

8 

L\ 

VZ 

\ 

— 

— 

li 

H 

15 

10 

*■) 

16 

13 

12 

Gripper  Hdgc 

Fig.  48.- —  Form  of  twenty-four  pages  to  be  folded  as  one 
section. 


40 


IMPOSITION 


z 

ez 

1 

^ 

S 

, 

«- 

IZ 

11 

14 

1 

17 

8 

9 

16 

z\ 

ei 

81 

01 

SI 

1 

24 

l*) 

6 

3 

il 

Fig.  49. —  Form   of   twenty-four   deep  pages. 


z 

£Z 

ZZ 

f 

11 

14 

19 

6 



— 



OT 

SI 

81 

Z 

9 

16 

17 

8 

Z\ 

fl 

Oc 

s 

1 

24 

21 

4 

Fig.  50. —  Form  of  twenty-four  broad  pages. 


IMPOSITION 


41 


There  are  numerous  other  ways  of  imposing  the  twenty-four 
page  form,  but  as  they  are  seldom  used  it  wilj  hardly  be 
necessarj'  to  show  diagrams.  The  form  may  be  made  up  as 
two  vertical  twelves,  one  to  insert  in  the  other ;  two  lateral 
twelves,  one  to  insert  in  the  other ;  a  long  eight  and  a  long 
sixteen ;    or  three  vertical  eights. 

A  form  of  twenty- four  deep  pages  would  be  made  up  as 
shown  in  Fig.  49. 

Fig.  50  shows  the  imposition  for  a  form  of  twenty-four 
broad  pages. 


Thirty-two-page  Forms. 


Tlie  imposition  ordinarily  used  for  the  thirty-two-page  form 
for  hand  folding  is  shown  in  Fig.  51.  This  form  may  be 
imposed    in   several    different   ways.      Transpositions   may    be 


i' 

6Z 

82 

S 

9 

11 

Cf 

f 

13 

20 

21 

12 

n 

22 

19 

14 



-  - 



9T 

n 

i-Z 

6 

01 

Cc 

8T 

SI 

. 

1 

32 

25 

§ 

7 

26 

31 

2 

Grippcr  Edge 

Fig.  51. —  Ordinary    imposition    for    thirty-two-page    form. 


42 


IMPOSITION 


made  of  the  two  halves  either  vertically  or  laterally,  or  it 
may  be  imposed  from  the  inside  by  turning  the  sections 
toward  the  center  —  either  in  sections  of  four  or  eight  pages. 
These  latter  schemes  will  be  found  under  the  imposition  for 
folding  machines. 


SI 

li' 

0£ 

61 

z 

SI 

H 

el 

7 

10 

IJ 

6 

23 

26 

27 

22 

-  Folder  G 

luge 

Edge 

•fZ 

sz 

82 

\Z 

8 

6 

Z\ 

S 

1 

16 

13 

4 

- 

17 

32 

29 

20 

Fig.   52. —  Form  of  thirty-two  broad  pages. 


In  Fig.  52  is  shown  a  form  of  thirty-two  broad  pages.  It 
is  composed  of  two  sixteen-page  signatures  and  is  made  up 
in  the  same  order  as  the  ordinary  sixteen-page  form,  pages 
1  and  17  taking  the  place  of  page  1,  pages  2  and  18  taking 


IMPOSITION 


43 


the  place  of  page  2,  etc.  When  the  sheet  is  given  three 
folds,  the  same  as  the  ordinary  sixteen,  the  two  signatures 
may  be  cut  apart  on  the  heavy  line  between  pages  1  and  17 
and  gathered.  A  reference  to  the  accompanying  diagram 
(Fig.  53),  which  shows  a  folded  sheet  printed  from  this  form, 


Fig.  .53. —  Sheet  printed  from  a  form  of  thirtj^-two  broad 
pages  composed  of  two  sixteen-page  signatures.  To  be  folded 
as  ah  ordinary  sixteen  and  cut  after  folding. 


will  make  this  more  clear  and  demonstrate  the  usefulness  of 
this  imposition.  This  form  may  be  made  up  to  insert  by 
imposing  it  so  that  one  of  the  sixteens  would  contain  pages 
1  to  8  and  25  to  33,  and  the  other  sixteen  contain  pages 
0  to  24,  inclusive. 


44 


IMPOSITION 


Thirty-six-page  Forms. 


Fig.  54  shows  the  plan  of  imposition  for  a  form  of  thirtj'- 
six  pages  to  be  folded  in  one  section.  The  thirty-six-page 
form  may  also  be  made  up  as  a  twelve  and  a  twenty- four  to 
be  inserted  and  saddle-stitched,  or  as  three  twelves  to  be 
side-stitched.  These  forms  are  shown  under  the  forms  for 
folding  machines. 


S£|     |2£ 


201     ET 


^ilfe 


H  I 


15 


£C 


22 


6g  1 1% 


IT   I  01 


LZ 


n 

1 

7 

50 

25 

12 

9 

28 

81 


61      ^Z 


£1      91 


\Z 


351    131      I    I       51    |3 


1^ 


Fig.   54. —  Thirty-six-page  form  to  be  folded  in  one  section. 


IMPOSITION  45 


Neither  the  fortj-,  fortj'-eight  nor  sixty-four-page  forms  for 
Land  folding  are  shown  lierc,  as  they  are  not  ordinarily 
practicable. 

The  forty-page  form  may  be  made  up  of  two  sixteens  and 
tn  eight,  a  thirty-two  and  an  eight,  or  a  sixteen  and  a 
twenty-four.  The  latter  will  be  found  under  the  forms  for 
nachine  folding. 

The  forty-eight-page  forms  are  usually  made  up  of  double 
twenty-fours.  These  will  also  be  found  under  the  head  of 
imposition  for  folding  machines. 


Points  to  Remember. 

Many  printers  find  trouble  in  verifying  the  imposition  of 
a  form  of  pages  of  unequal  sizes.  What  is  probably  the 
easiest  manner  in  which  to  do  this  is  shown  in  Fig.  55.  In 
this  case  we  will  suppose  that  the  type  is  to  be  centered  on 
the  paper,  which  is  to  be  trimmed  to  4%  by  6  inches.  To 
ascertain  whether  or  not  the  margins  are  properly  arranged 
we  will  take  the  press  proof  of  the  form  and  first  find,  by 
lining  up  as  shown  by  the  dotted  line  between  pages  2  and  3, 
whether  these  pages  are  properly  placed.  It  is  not  necessary 
to  start  from  these  particular  pages  —  1  and  4  would  do 
fully  as  well.  Neither  is  it  necessary  for  these  pages  to  be 
of  equal  width,  as  long  as  the  narrow  one  is  centered  on  the 
wider  one.  We  then  center  the  type  pages  2  and  3  on  4^/^ 
inches,  drawing  the  lines  at  the  sides  of  these  pages  as 
shown  in  the  diagram.  Another  line,  4^^  inches  to  the  right 
of  the  line  between  pages  2  and  7,  gives  us  the  margin  of 
the  page  as  it  is  to  be  trimmed.  If  a  certain  amount  of 
extra  margin  has  been  put  between  pages  7  and  8  for  trim  — 
say  three  picas  — •  we  measure  that  distance  to  the  next  line, 
4^4  inches  to  the  next,  and  finally  iYz  inches  to  the  last 
line,  which  completes  the  margins  the  long  way  of  the  sheet. 
In   case  the  amount  allowed  for  trim  is  not  known   it  would 


46 


IMPOSITION 


be  necessary  to  line  up  pages  1  and  4  also  and  work  front 
that  side  toward  the  trim  in  the  center.  The  margins  the 
other  waj'  of  the  sheet  are  determined  in  the  same  manner, 
lining  up  two  pages,  in  this  case  pages  3  and  4,  centering 
them   on   6   inches,   adding  the  amount   allowed   for  trim  and 


^30ia- 


^t~f^- 


Reeds 

Butter  Scotch 

Patties 

■4 

Tuf^ 

S7ij™„",r 

DEtvytTMENT  Of 

ARTS<§-' 
CRAFTS 


There's  a  Reason 


IM 


i 


It'a  Ju>l  This 


Why  a 

Journal  Want 
AdPayi: 


I  Fl«ld  II  Dna  Fran 


^"•f^^ 


Fig.  55.- — •  Showing  method  of  lining  up  press-proof  to 
verify  margins  and  ascertain  whether  pages  are  straight  on 
paper. 


then  measuring  6  inches  for  the  lower  row  of  pages.  AVhere 
a  form  is  lined  up  in  this  manner  it  not  only  shows  whether 
or  not  the  pages  have  the  correct  margins  but  it  enables 
one  to  at  once  ascertain  whether  or  not  any  of  the  pages 
must  be  twisted,  and  if  so  to  what  extent,  the  lines  drawn 
on  the  sheet  acting  as  reliable  guides  in  determining  whether 
the  pages  are  crooked. 

A  simple  method  of  lining  up  the  pages  in  a  form  is 
shown  in  Fig.  56.  We  first  ascertain  by  measurement,  as 
shown  by  the  dotted  lines  in  the  diagram,  that  the  end  pages 


IMPOSITION 


47 


in  rlie  row  next  to  the  crossbar  are  of  equal  size.  Then  a 
straight-edge  placed  across  the  heads  of  the  pages  in  this 
row  will  at  once  reveal  any  pages  wliich  are  too  long  or  too 
short.  If  the  inner  row  of  pages  is  in  line,  and  the  same 
amount  of  spacing  has  been  placed  between  all  the  heads, 
the  outer  row  will  necessarily  register  at  the  top.  The  inner 
row  of  pages  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  crossbar  should  be 
lined  up  in  the  same  manner. 


5 

1 

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62 

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S 

9 

LZ 

Of 

£ 

13 

20 

21 

12 

11 

22 

19 

14 





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26 

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2 

■.  -i^ ■:.■■■■■■.-_  ■ 

Fig.   56. —  Method  of  lining  up  pages  in  a  form. 


Imposition  for  Folding 
Machines. 


While  it  is  obviously  impossible,  in  a  work  of  this  kind, 
to  attempt  to  catalogue  all  the  different  schemes  of  imposi- 
tion for  the  various  folding  machines,  those  most  commonly 
used  are  shown  herewith.  They  embrace  all  of  the  ordinary 
forms  for  machine  folding  and  serve  to  show  the  difference 
between  the  hand  and  machine  folds.  It  would  be  a  waste 
of  time  and  energy  for  a  man  to  try  to  memorize  all  of  the 
different  forms  for  all  of  the  different  folding  machines,  but 
when  the  principle  underlying  this  work  —  that  of  the  trans- 
position or  turning  around  of  the  sections  in  a  form  to  meet 
the  various  requirements  —  is  once  learned,  the  rest  becomes 
comparatively  easy.  If  you  are  required  to  lock  up  forms  for 
folding  machines  with  which  you  are  unfamiliar  the  informa- 
tion may  be  easily  secured  by  having  the  binder  run  a  sheet 
through  the  machine  and  mark  the  first  page.  When  one 
has  thoroughly  mastered  the  principle  of  the  transposition  of 
the  sections,  the  position  of  the  first  page  will  give  him  the 
necessary  information. 

In  order  to  simplify  matters  we  will  consider  the  various 
forms  for  the  different  folding  machines  in  separate  groups 
for  each  make  of  machine. 


Forms  for  Dexter  Folders. 


Before  taking  up  the  imposition  for  the  folders  made  by 
this  company  a  few  words  concerning  the  mechanical  auto- 
matic pointing  attachment  with  which  its  machines  are 
equipped  will  not  be  amiss.  In  the  diagrams  herewith  A 
represents  the  cutters  or  slitters  for  this  attachment.  They 
are  made  of  hardened  steel  and  attached  to  a  base  set  into 

49 


50 


IMPOSITION 


the  form.  These  cutters  work  against  a  soft  brass  plate 
fastened  to  the  cylinder  of  the  press.  They  are  adjustable 
to  bring  proper  pressure  against  this  brass  plate  and  can  be 
removed  without  unlocking  the  form.  The  slits  are  made  at 
the  same  time  the  impression  is  taken,  consequently  are  uni- 
form with  the  print,  and  as  the  slit  controls  the  process  of 
registering  the  work  is  accurately  done  independent  of  uneven 
margins.  As  the  sheet  is  fed  into  the  folding  machine, 
tongues  on  the  pointing  device  engage  the  slit  and  hold  the 
sheet  in  register  for  the  first  fold.  The  cutters  should  be 
locked  in  the  margin  each  about  T^/^  inches  from  the  first 
fold.  Pieces  of  steel  cutting  rule  of  the  proper  length  may 
be  used.  * 

While  the  Dexter  Folder  Company  manufactures  a  great 
variety  of  machines  for  special  purposes,  there  are  four  of 
their  folders  which  may  be  classed  as  "  standard  "  or  more 
commonly  used.     Of  these,  we  shall  first  consider  the 

Single  Marginal  Book  Folders. 

The  imposition  for  this  machine  is  what  is  commonly 
known  as  "  book  imposition." 

The  imposition  for  the  eight-page  form  to  be  folded  on  this 


*• 

s 

1 

8 

Gripper  Edge 

Fig.  57. —  Eight-page    form    for    Dexter    Single    Marginal 
Book  Folder. 


*  In  these  diagrams  the  slitters  are  sbowu  in  the  inside  section. 
While  they  will  work  satisfactorily  when  placed  in  the  outside  section, 
as  is  customaiy  in  some  places,  the  fact  that  the  sheet  is  pointed 
from  the  top  suggests  that  the  cut  be  made  from  the  side  that  is  to  be 
up  when  the  .sheet  is  pointed. 


IMPOSITION 


51 


machine  is  shown  in  Fig  57.  The  folder  gauge  edge  and  the 
folder  gvipper  edge  are  shown,  as  well  as  the  positions  for 
the  slitters,   when   it   is   necessary  to   use  them.      As   will   be 


0^ 

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6 

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-- 

-- 

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1       -h 

— 

tv. 

l*» 

Gripper  Edge 

Fig.   58. —  Twelve-page    form    for    Dexter    Single    Marginal 
Book   Folder. 


readily  seen,  the  printing-press  gripper  edge  becomes  the 
folder  gripper  edge  and  the  edge  where  the  sheet  is  cut  in 
two  after  printing,  necessarily  the  most  true,  becomes  the 
folder  gauge  edge. 

In    Fig.    58    we   have   t'.ie    imposition    for    the   twelve-page 


—  61 

■*■ 

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vA 

IM 

1-4 

9 

c 

V 

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1 

.«>. 

-4 



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Wl 

o 

00 

M 

t^ 

Gripper  Edge 

Fig.   59. —  Sixteen    page    form    for   Dexter   Single   Marginal 
Book   Folder. 


52 


IMPOSITION 


form.     This  gives,  from  the  nature  of  its  fold,  a  side-stitched 
signature. 


D 

2u 

21 

4 

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22 

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19 

6 

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16 

13 

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11 

14 

15 

Ifl 

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Grippcr  Edge 

Fig.  60. —  Twenty-four  page   form   for   Dexter  Single  Mar- 
ginal Book  Folder. 


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61 

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17 

16 

15 

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23 

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Gripper  Edge 

Fig.  61. —  Thirty-two-page  form  for  Dexter  Single  Marginal 
Book  Folder. 


IMPOSITION 


53 


Fig.  59  shows  the  imposition  for  the  sixteen-page  form. 
This  is  simply  a  transposition  of  the  upper  and  lower  halves 
of  the  common  sixteen-page  forni.     The  result  after  cutting 


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12 

t'Z 

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8 

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cl 

12 

17 

16 

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29 

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20 

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29 

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27 

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23 

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7 

26 

;  ^^ 

6 

11 

22 

Fig.   62. —  Thirty-two  pages,  two-on,  for  Dexter  Single  Mar- 
ginal  Book    Folder. 


54 


IMPOSITION 


through  the  center  is  the  same  as  from  the  common  imposi- 
tion, except  that  the  low  folios  come  at  the  cut  or  true  edge. 

Fig.  60  shows  the  imposition  for  the  twenty-four-page  form. 

Fig.  61  shows  the  imposition  for  the  thirty-two-page  form. 
The  only  difference  between  this  and  the  common  thirty-two 
shown  in  Fig.  51  is  that  each  of  the  eight-page  sections  is 
turned  toward  the  center. 

Fig.  62  represents  the  imposition  for  a  form  of  thirty-two 
pages,  two-on. 

Dexter  Newspaper  and  Periodical 
Folder. 

The  imposition  for  the  forms  to  be  folded  on  this  macliiiii:' 
is  what  is  commonly  called  "  newspaper  "  imposition. 

The  eight-page  form  is  imposed  as  shown  in  Fig.  .57. 

Fig.  63  shows  the  imposition  for  the  twelve-page  form  for 
this  machine. 


■fl 
o 

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u: 

■c 

Iro 

a. 
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— 

oc 

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o. 

1^ 

o> 

o 

l> 

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Gripper  Edge 

FiG.   63. —  Twelve-page    form    for    Dexter    Newspaper    and 
Periodical  Folder. 


In  Fig.  64  we  have  the  "  newspaper  "  sixteen-page  form. 
This  form  is  a  transposition  of  the  two  vertical  eight-page 
sections  of  the  common  sixteen.  The  difference  between  the 
folded  sheet  produced  by  this  imposition  and  that  of  the 
"  book  "  or  common  imposition,  is  shown  in  Fig.  65. 

Fig.  66  shows  the  imposition  for  the  twenty-four-page  form. 


IMPOSITION 


55 


Co  — 


Gripper  Edge 

Fig.  64. —  Sixteen-page    form    for    Dexter    Newspaper 
Periodical  Folder. 


and 


Showing  fold  of  a  sixteen-page  Showing  fold  of  a  sixteen-page 

form  imposed  from  inside.  form  imposed  from  outside. 

Fig.  65. —  Showing    difference    between    sixteen-page    form 

imposed   from  inside  and  outside. 


56 


IMPOSITION 


The  thirty-two-page  form  is  shown  in  Fig.  67.  The  dif- 
ference between  this  form  and  the  common  thirty-two  is  that 
each  section  of  four  pages  is  turned  toward  the  center. 


21 

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fZJ 

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Grippcr  Edge 

Fig.   66. —  Twenty-four-page  form  for  Dexter  Newspaper  and 
Periodical  Folder. 


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Ic 

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29 

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28 

27 

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8 

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16 

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24 

23 

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Gripper  Edge- 

Fig.   67. —  Thirty-two-page  form  for  Dexter  Newspaper  and 
Periodical  Folder. 


IMPOSITION 


57 


Fig.  68  shows  the  imposition  for  a  form  of  parallel  sixteens, 
two-on. 

Fig.  69  shows  a  form  of  parallel  twenty-fours,  two-on. 

In  Fig.  70  we  have  the  imposition  for  a  form  of  parallel 
thirty-twos,   two-on. 


Gripper  Edge 

Fig.   6S. —  Form    of    parallel    sixteens,    two-on,    for 
Xewspaper  and  Periodical  Folder. 


f 

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9 

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7 

10 

15 

2 

Dexter 


Dexter  Double  Sixteen  and  Double  Thirty- 
two  Book  Folder. 

Fig.  71  shows  the  imposition  for  a  form  of  two  continuous 
sixteen-page  signatures.  This  form  is  very  frequently  used, 
I>oth  work-and-turn  and  sheetwise.  As  will  be  readily  seen, 
it  consists  of  simply  two  long  sixteen-page  forms,  and  when 
worked  sheetwise  it  is  equivalent  to  working  the  outside  sec- 
tions of  two  sixteens  and  backing  up  with  the  inside  sections. 
.\s  will  be  seen  in  the  diagram,  the  sheet  is  cut  in  two  after 
the  first  fold  is  made  and  delivered  by  the  machine  in  two 
signatures. 


58 


IMPOSITION 


cc 

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18 

15 

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19 

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1 

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15 

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Folder 

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ge  Edg 

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91 

b 

Oc 

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8 

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91 

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Fig.  69. —  Form  of  parallel  twenty-fours,  two-on,  for  Dex- 
ter Newspaper  and  Periodical  Folder, 


IMPOSITION 


59 


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TC 

81 

SI 

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6T 

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£ 

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81 

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11 

22 

27 

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26 

23 

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Fig.  70. —  Form  of  parallel  thirty-twos,  two-on,  for  Dexter 
Newspaper  and  Periodical  Folder. 


60 


IMPOSITION 


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€ 

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fT 

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Gripper  Edge 

Fig.  71. —  Form  of  two  continuous  sixteen-page  signatures, 
for  Dexter  Double-Sixteen  and  Double  Thirty-two  Book  Folder. 
Also  for  Chambers  and  Brown  machines. 


c 

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1 

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10 

11 

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10 

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Gripper  Edge 

Fig.  72. —  Form  of  duplicate  sixteen-page  signatures  for 
Dexter  Double  Sixteen  and  Double  Thirty-two  Book  Folder. 
Also  for  Chambers  and  Brown  machines. 


IMPOSITION 


61 


Fig.  72  shows  the  imposition  for  a  form  of  duplicate 
sixteen-page  signatures.  This  is  also  composed  of  two  long 
sixteens,  the  duplicate  sixteen  displacing  pages  17  to  32  as 
shown  in  Fig.   71. 

Fig.  73  shows  the  imposition  for  a  form  of  thirty-two 
pages  made  up  of  continuous  double  sixteens  inserted.  This 
is  also  two  long  sixteens,  the  lower  sixteen  containing  the 
first  eight  and  the  last  eight  pages  of  the  thirty-two,  and  the 


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26 

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19 

14 

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Gripper  Edge 

Fig.  73. —  Form  of  two  continuous  sixteens  to  insert.  For 
Dexter  Double  Sixteen  and  Double  Thirty-two  Book  Folder. 
Also  for  Chambers  and  Brown  Machines. 


upper  sixteen  being  the  middle  sixteen,  or  pages  9  to  24. 
This  is  folded  as  separated  sixteens,  the  same  as  the  two 
preceding  forms,  and  then  Inserted  automatically. 

Fig.  74  shows  the  imposition  for  a  form  of  sixty-four  pages 
made  up  of  two  continuous  thirty-two  page  signatures. 

Fig.  75  shows  a  form  of  sixty-four  pages  made  up  of  dupli- 
cate thirty-two-page  signatures. 


62 


IMPOSITION 


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Z* 

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f^ 

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48 

9 

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17 

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Fig.  74. —  Form  of  two  continuous  thirty-two-page  signa- 
tures. For  Dexter  Double  Sixteen  and  Double  Thirtj'-two 
Book  Folder. 


IMPOSITION 


63 


or 

U 

SI 

SI 

01 

£2 

81 

SI 

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26 

31 

2 

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26 

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Fig.   75. —  Form    of   duplicate   thirty-twos.      Dexter    Double 
Sixteen  and   Double  Thirty-two  Book   Folder. 


64 


IMPOSITION 


-older— 

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Z9 

ff 

i^r.isi 

T£ 

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91 

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58 

39 

42  - 

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Fig.   76. —  Form  of  four  continuous  sixteens.     Dexter  Quad- 
ruple Sixteen  and  Double  Thirty-two  Book  Folder. 


IMPOSITION 


65 


1 

u 

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ST 

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c 

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SI 

7 

10 

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Fig.  77. —  Form  of  four  duplicate  sixteens.      Dexter  Quad- 
ruple Sixteen  and  Double  Thirty-two  Book  Folder. 


66 


IMPOSITION 


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ruple Sixteen  and  Double  Thirty-two  Book  Folder. 


IMPOSITION  67 


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68  IMPOSITION 


Dexter  Quadruple  Sixteen  and  Double 
Thirty-two  Book  Folder. 

In  Fig.  76  we  have  the  imposition  for  a  form  of  sixty-four 
pages  made  up  of  four  continuous  sixteens. 

Fig.  77  shows  a  form  of  sixty-four  pages  made  up  of  four 
duplicate  sixteens. 

Fig.  78  is  the  imposition  for  a  form  of  sixty-four  pages 
made  up  of  duplicate  thirty-twos. 

Fig.  79  shows  a  sixty-four-page  form  composed  of  two 
continuous  thirtv-twos. 


Forms  for  Chambers  Folders. 


Chambers  New  Drop-Roll  Jobber 
No.  440. 

The  imposition  for  the  eight-page  form  to  be  folded  on 
this  machine  is  shown  in  Fig.  80.  This  form  is  different 
from  the  eight-page  form  previously  shown  in  that  it  is  made 
up  from  the  "  inside  "  in  order  to  accommodate  the  gauge 
edge  on  the  folder.  A  transposition  of  the  two  halves  of  the 
common  eight-page  form  is  all  that  is  necessary  to  make  this 
change. 

The  sixteen-page  form  for  this  machine  is  imposed  in  the 
manner  shown  in  Fig.   35  —  the  ordinary  sixteen-page   form. 

Fig.  SI  shows  the  imposition  for  the  thirty-two-page  form 
for  this  machine. 

Fig.  S2  shows  the  imposition  for  sixteen  pages,  two-on. 

Fig.   S3  shows  the  imposition  for  thirtj'-two  pages,  two-on. 


p 


IMPOSITION 


69 


Chambers  Double  Sixteen  Folding  Machine. 

Figs.  71.  72  and  73  show  forms  of  two  continuous  sixteens. 
lUiplicate  sixteens  and  two  sixteens  to  insert,  for  this  machine. 


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Fig.   si. —  Thirty-two-pago   form    for   Chambers    Drop-roller 
Jobber  No.   440. 


•70 


IMPOSITION 


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Fig.   82. —  Sixteen  pages,  two-on,   for  Chambers  Drop-roller 
Jobber  No  440. 

Chambers  Quadruple  Sixteen  Folding 
Machine. 

In  Fig.  84  is  shown  the  imposition  for  a  form  to  be  deliv- 
ered as  four  separate  sixteen-page  signatures  by  this  machine. 


Brown  Folding  Machines. 


Figs.  71,  72  and  73  show  form  of  two  continuous  sixteens 
and  two  sixteens  to  be  inserted,  for  the  double  sixteen  book 
folder  made  by  this  firm. 

The  New  Model  Jobber  requires  what  is  known  as  "  news- 
paper "  imposition.  Figs.  57,  64,  66  and  67  show  the  impo- 
sition for  the  eight,  sixteen,  twenty-four  and  thirty-two-page 
forms  for  this  machine. 

The  imposition  for  the  balance  of  the  machines  manufac- 
tured by  this  firm  is  regular  hand  fold  or  what  we  have 
spoken  of  as  ordinary   forms. 


IMPOSITION 


71 


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Fig.   S3. —  Thirty-two    pages,    t\vo-on,    for    Chambers    Drop- 
roller  Jobber  Xo.   440. 


72 


IMPOSITION 


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Fig.   84. —  Sixty-four  pages  to  be  delivered  as  four  separate 
sixteens  hy  Chambers  Quadruple  Sixteen  Folding  Machine. 


Index. 

A 

Page 

Ascertaining  pages  for  inside  and  outside  sections        .         18        1 

B 

Bearers,  for  electrotyping      .... 

28 

Bearers,  for  rollers  on  platen  press 

2 

Blocks,  use  of,  in  preference  to  furniture 

'.         '.          6 

Booklets,  position  of  pages  in         .         ,         . 

20 

Brown  Folding  Machines       .... 

70 

c 

9    Center  of  page,  method  of  finding 

8 

Chambers  Folding  Machines 

68 

Color  forms,  locking  up         ...         . 

21 

Cover  forms              ...... 

12 

Crossbar         ....... 

28 

Cuts  running  lengthwise  of  page 

19 

D 

Dexter  Folding  Machines      .... 

49 

E 

Eighteen-page  forms      ..... 

36 

Eight-page  forms             ..... 

14 

Electrotyped  forms          ..... 

28 

Envelope  corner  card,  locking  up 

1 

F 

Folder  Forms           ...... 

23 

Folding  machines,  imposition  for 

49 

Forty-eight-page  form    ..... 

45 

Furty-page  form     ...... 

45 

Foundry  forms        ...... 

2S 

Four-page  forms     ...... 

8 

Furniture,  use  of  few  pieces  of       . 

3 

Index — Continued, 


G 

Gripper  edge  .... 

Gripper  edge,  low  folio  next  to 
Gripper  margin       .... 

I 

Imposition  "from  the  inside" 
Inserts  ..... 

Inside  section,  ascertaining  pages  for 


Page 

13 
19 

13 


17 

27 
18 


Lettering  on  back  of  cover     ..... 
Locking  up  each  page  individually 

M 

Margin,  additional  in  cover  forms         .         .         . 

Margin  at  gripper  edge  where  no  cross  bar  is  used 

Mrrgin  for  trim      ..... 

Margin,  proper  distribution  of 

Margins,  form  of  unequal 

Margins  where  pages  are  of  equal  size 

Margins  where  pages  are  of  unequal  size 

o 

Octavo  ...... 

Outside  section,  ascertaining  pages  for 


13 
33 


13 
13 
14 
20 
33 
8 


28 
IS 


Patent  blocks 
Platen  press,  forms  for 
Position  5f  pages 
Press  proof,  lining  up 


Q 


Quoins,  improper  placing  of  .... 

Quoins,  inner  wedge  pointing  to  solid  corner  of  form 

Quoins,  position  of  for  cylinder  press 

Quoins,  position  of  for  platen  press 

Quoins,  proper  placing 

Quoins,  proper  pressure 

Quoins,  to  prevent  slipping  of 


28 

1 

20 

45 


3 
23 


— r  -r-'^'T- 


Index^ — Continued . 


R 


Registering  pages  in  a  form 

Reglet,  use  of 

Rules  as  guides  for  folding 


Page 

46 

6 

13 


Saddle-stitched  books     . 
Sectional  furniture,  metal 
Sections,  inside  and  outside 
Sheetwise       .         .         .         . 
Side-stitched  books 
Sixteen-page  forms 
Sizes  of  book  paper 
Slitters  for  folding  machines 
Squaring  up  forms 


12 
28 
8 
18 
12 
30 
28 
50 
13 


HjTabular  matter  running  lengthwise  of  page 
^"hirty-six-page  forms 

Thirty-two-page  forms 

Trim  margin 

Tumble  forms  .  .  , 

Twelve-page  forms 

Twenty-four-page  forms 

Twenty-page  forms 

Two-page  form 


Unequal  margins 


u 


w 


19 
44 
41 
14 
11 
26 
39 
38 
6 


33 


Work-and-turn  forms 


11 


Technical  Books. 


Below  are  given  the  titles  and  prices  of  technical 
books  carried  in  stock.  Pamphlet  giving  table  of  con- 
tents of  each  mailed  on  request: 

BOOKBINDING. 

Bookbinding  and  the  Care  of  Books,  $1.3.5. 
Bookl)inding  for  Amateurs,   $1.10. 
The  Building  of  a  Book,  .$2.20. 

*«• 
COMPOSING-ROOM. 

Concerning  Type,   50  cents. 

Correct  Composition,   $2.10. 

Impressions  of  Modern  Type-designs,  2.5  cents. 

Modern  Book  Composition,  $2.10. 

Plain  Printing  Types,  $2.10. 

The  Practical  Printer,   $1. 

Printing,   $2.35. 

Printing  and  Writing  Materials,  $1.G0. 

Specimen  Books : 

Bill-heads,  25  cents. 

Letter-heads,  50  cents. 

Professional  Cards  and  Tickets,  25   cents. 

Programs  and  Menus,  50  cents. 
The  Stoneman,   $1. 
Title-pages,   $2.10. 

Twentieth  Century  Cover-designs,  $5. 
Vest-pocket  Manual  of  Printing,  50  cents. 

DRAWING    AND    ILLUSTRATION. 

Drawing  for  Printers,  $2. 

Lettering  for  Printers  and  Designers,  $1. 

The  Principles  of  Design,  $3. 


Technical  Books — Continued. 

KLECTROTYPING    AND    STEREOTYPING. 

Partridge's  Reference  Handbook  of  Electrotyping  and 
Stereotyping,   $2. 

ESTIMATING    AND    ACCOUNTING. 

A  Money-making  System   for  the  Employing  Printer,  $1. 
Campsie's  Pocket  Estimate  Book,  75  cents. 
Challen's    Labor-saving    Records:      Advertising,     Sub- 
scription, Job  Printer's  ;    $1  and  up. 
Cost  of  Printing,  $1.50. 
I^mploying  Printers'  Price  List,  $1.25. 
Ramaley's  Estimate  Book,   $1.25. 
Hints  for  Young  Printers  under  Eighty,  50  cents. 
Nichol's  Perfect  Order  and  Record  Booiv,  $3. 
Order  Book  and  Record  of  Cost,  $3. 
I^nter's  Account  Book,  $3.50  and  $5. 
^I'ting  a  Printing-ofBee,  $1.60. 

MACHINE    COMPOSITION. 

Correct  Keyboard  Fingering,  25  cents. 

Facsimile  Linotype  Keyboards,   25  cents. 

Facsimile  Simplex  Keyboards,  15  cents. 

History   of   Composing   Machines,    cloth,    $2  ;     flexible 

leather,  $3. 
Thaler  Linotype  Keyboards,  $4. 
The  Mechanism  of  the  Linotype,  $2. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

The  Graphic  Arts  and  Crafts  Year-book,  $5. 

Pi'actical  Papermaking,  $2.60. 

Printers'  Handbook  of  Trade  Recipes,  $2.60. 

NEWSPAPER    WORK. 

Establishing  a  Newspaper,  50  cents. 
Gaining  a  Circulation,   50   cents. 
Practical  Journalism,  $1.35. 


Technical  Books — Continued. 

PRESSAVORK. 

A  Concise  Manual  of  Platen  Presswork,  25  cents. 

The  Harmonizer,  $3.50. 

Tympan  Gauge  Square,  25  cents. 

Overlay  Knife,  25  cents. 

Practical  Guide  to  Embossing,   75  cents. 

Presswork,   $1.50. 

Stewart's  Embossing  Board,  80  cents  a  dozen. 

PROCESS    ENGRAVING. 

S 
Penrose's  Process  Year-book,  $2.85. 
Photoengraving   (Schraubstadter),   $3.  ^ 

Prior's  Automatic  Photo  Scale,  $2. 
Reducing  Glass,  35  cents. 

PROOFREADING. 

Bigelow's   Handbook  of  Punctuation,   55   cents. 

Culinary  French,   35   cents. 

English  Compound  Words  and  Phrases,  $2.60. 

Pens  and  Types,  $1.35. 

Proofreading  and  Punctuation,   $1.10. 

Punctuation,   $1.10. 

Stylebook  of  the  Chicago  Society  of  Proofreaders,   30 

cents. 
Typographic  Stylebook,   50  cents. 
AVilson's  Treatise  on  Punctuation,  $1.10. 


The  Inland  Printer  Company 

120-130  Sherman  Street 
Chicago 


1 


!^PIP=aB«Hi 


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